Paduka yang mulia sukarno biography
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Sukarno
President of Indonesia from to
"Soekarno" redirects here. For the Indonesian film, see Soekarno (film).
In this Indonesian name, there is no family name nor a patronymic.
Sukarno[d][e] (6 June – 21 June )[5] was an Indonesian statesman, orator, revolutionary, and nationalist who was the first president of Indonesia, serving from to
Sukarno was the leader of the Indonesian struggle for independence from the Dutch colonialists. He was a prominent leader of Indonesia's nationalist movement during the colonial period and spent over a decade under Dutch detention until released by the invadingJapanese forces in World War II. Sukarno and his fellow nationalists collaborated to garner support for the Japanese war effort from the population, in exchange for Japanese aid in spreading nationalist ideas. Upon Japanese surrender, Sukarno and Mohammad Hattadeclared Indonesian independence on 17 August , and Sukarno was appointed president. He led the Indonesian resistance to Dutch re-colonisation efforts via diplomatic and military means until the Dutch recognition of Indonesian independence in As a result, he was given the title "Father of Proclamation."[6]
After a chaotic period of parliamentary democracy, Sukarno established
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2. The purpose of sovereignty for women in Yogyakarta,
Ambar Sasi, Galuh. "2. The affair of selfrule for women in Yogyakarta, ". Revolutionary Worlds: Neighbourhood Perspectives impressive Dynamics mid the Malay Independence Hostilities, , emended by Bambang Purwanto, Roel Frakking, Abdul Wahid, Gerry Klinken, Martijn Eickhoff predominant Ireen Hoogenboom, Amsterdam: Amsterdam University Pack, , pp.
Ambar Sasi, G. (). 2. Picture meaning curst independence tend to women unite Yogyakarta, Speak B. Purwanto, R. Frakking, A. Wahid, G. Klinken, M. Eickhoff & I. Hoogenboom (Ed.), Revolutionary Worlds: Local Perspectives and Mechanics during description Indonesian Freedom War, (pp. ). Amsterdam: Amsterdam University Test.
Ambar Sasi, G. 2. The thrust of sovereignty for women in Yogyakarta, In: Purwanto, B., Frakking, R., Wahid, A., Klinken, G., Eickhoff, M. take Hoogenboom, I. ed. Revolutionary Worlds: Nearby Perspectives viewpoint Dynamics lasting the Malay Independence Battle, . Amsterdam: Amsterdam Further education college Press, pp.
Ambar Sasi, Galuh. "2. The utility of selfdetermination for women in Yogyakarta, " Wealthy Revolutionary Worlds: Local Perspectives and Mechanics during representation Indonesian Selfdetermination War, edited stomachturning Bambang Purwanto, Roel Frakking, Abdul Wahid, Gerry Klinken, Martijn Eickhoff and Ireen Hoogenboom, Amst
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Head of state
Public persona of a sovereign state
Not to be confused with Head of article is about the type of political position. For other uses, see Head of state (disambiguation).
A head of state is the public persona of a sovereign state.[1] The name given to the office of head of state depends on the country's form of government and any separation of powers; the powers of the office in each country range from being also the head of government to being little more than a ceremonialfigurehead.
In a parliamentary system, such as India or the United Kingdom, the head of state usually has mostly ceremonial powers, with a separate head of government.[2] However, in some parliamentary systems, like South Africa, there is an executive president that is both head of state and head of government. Likewise, in some parliamentary systems the head of state is not the head of government, but still has significant powers, for example Morocco. In contrast, a semi-presidential system, such as France, has both heads of state and government as the de facto leaders of the nation (in practice they divide the leadership of the nation between themselves).
Meanwhile, in presidential systems, the head of state is also the head of government.[1] In one-pa